"it is as natural to die as to be born; and to a little infant, perhaps, the one is as painful as the other"
Infant mortality has many causes. Some of them include:
- congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities
- disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
- maternal complications
- complications of placenta, cord and membranes
- unintentional injuries
- respiratory distress of newborn
- bacterial sepsis of newborn
- diseases of the circulatory system
- intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia
All of these occur more often when maternal health and nutrition are poor. In many cases, causes are multiple with low birth weight being a major factor. Infant mortality is highest in developing nations. These countries generally have a low GDP, low literacy, high levels of poverty, a high rate of maternal mortality and a high number of children per woman.
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